Ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kwe-tungsten eChina kusalokhu kuzinzile cishe kumathani ayi-10,000 ngonyaka.Ngokwemibiko, ukusetshenziswa kwe-tungsten eShayina kwakungamathani angu-9,200, amathani angu-9,400 kanye namathani angu-9,500 ngo-1994-1996, kanti ukusetshenziswa kwe-tungsten eShayina kubikezelwa ukuthi kuzoba amathani angu-11,500 ngo-2000. I-China ibilokhu ishintsha buthule.Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi kusukela ngo-1980 kuya ku-1985, isakhiwo sokusetshenziswa kwe-tungsten ekwenzeni insimbi sasibalelwa ku-61% wesamba esisetshenziswayo, esibalwa ingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke;Kusukela ngo-1986 kuya ku-1990, ingxenye ye-tungsten esetshenziswa ekwenzeni insimbi yehla yafinyelela ku-48%, kuyilapho ingxenye ye-tungsten esetshenziswa ku-carbide enosimende inyuke yafinyelela ku-28%.Kusukela ngo-1991 kuya ku-1995, njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwe-carbide enosimende kwanda, ingxenye ye-tungsten esetshenziswa ku-carbide kasimende yadlula leyo ye-tungsten esetshenziswa ekwenzeni insimbi, yafinyelela ku-50% wengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwe-tungsten yasekhaya, kuyilapho ingxenye ye-tungsten esetshenziswa ekwenzeni insimbi yehla yacishe yafinyelela cishe ku-50%. 40%.
Kusobala ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sokusetshenziswa kwe-tungsten e-China kuhlobene ngokuqondile nokukhiqizwa kwe-carbide enosimende.Ngakho-ke, yimuphi umkhuba wokukhiqizwa kwe-carbide yaseChina?Umkhuba wamanje wokukhiqizwa kwe-carbide e-China.
ElaseShayinai-carbide enosimendeimboni yaqala phakathi nawo-1950, futhi nakuba uhlelo lwezimboni lwakhiwa cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu kamuva kunasemazweni athuthukile aseMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga, isivinini sokuthuthuka kwayo kanye nezinga lokukhiqizwa kwayo kwakumangalisa emhlabeni jikelele.Ikakhulukazi ngeminyaka yawo-1990, ngaphansi kwezinguquko kanye nokuvulwa kanye nomnotho ogxile emakethe, ukukhiqizwa kwe-carbide enosimende kuye kwakhuphuka phezulu.Njengamanje, kunabakhiqizi be-carbide abayi-150 e-China, abanamandla okukhiqiza amathani ayi-9,000-10,000 ngonyaka.Isamba sokukhiqizwa konyaka singamathani angama-7000-7500, okubalelwa ku-21% wengqikithi yokukhiqizwa komhlaba wonke, okungaphezu kwe-United States, iSweden, iCIS namanye amazwe anesistimu yezimboni ezithuthukisiwe ze-carbide ekukhiqizeni kokuqala kanye neyokuqala emhlabeni. .Ngesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Eyisi-8 Lweminyaka Emihlanu, isilinganiso sonyaka sokukhiqizwa kwe-carbide enosimende eChina sasingamathani angama-6528 (ukukhiqizwa konyaka okuphezulu kakhulu kwakungamathani angama-7540 ngo-1994), kanti isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa konyaka sasingamathani angama-5894 (ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kakhulu konyaka bekungamathani angama-6620) .Ngokwesibikezelo sochwepheshe, phakathi nesikhathi soHlelo Lweminyaka Eyisishiyagalolunye, isilinganiso sonyaka sokukhiqizwa kwe-carbide enosimende eChina sizokhula ngo-6%, okungukuthi, isilinganiso sokukhiqiza sonyaka sizofinyelela amathani angama-6976.Abanye ochwepheshe basebenzisa i-linear correlation equation ukuze baxhumanise ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi ne-cemented carbide e-China phakathi Nohlelo Lwesishiyagalolunye Lweminyaka Emihlanu.Ukulingisa kwezibalo kwenziwa ukuze kubalwe izinkomba ezimbili ze-GDP.
Okwesithathu, ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemfucuza kanye nezinsalelai-carbidenjengendlela yokwengeza ukushoda kwemithombo yemvelo
Izinsiza zemvelo zilinganiselwe, futhi insimbi yokuxwayisa yokulahlekelwa inzuzo yezinsiza ze-tungsten ibilokhu izwakala ezindlebeni zethu.Lapho bebhekene nalesi simo esiyingozi, ochwepheshe baye bakha izindlela eziningi zokulwa nezindlela zokulungisa.Phakathi kwazo, indlela yokugaywa kabusha kanye nokusebenzisa izinsalela ze-tungsten carbide ibonakale iwuhlelo oluvuthiwe, olusebenzayo nolusebenzayo.Kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-carbide ngesikhathi sokuchichima kwe-tungsten eluhlaza yemvelo, futhi isici esibalulekile sokwenza ukuntuleka kwezinsiza esikhathini samanje nangesikhathi esizayo lapho i-tungsten eluhlaza yemvelo iphelelwa amandla.Izinga lokusetshenziswa okuphelele kwezinsiza ezigaywe kabusha lingenye yezimpawu ezibalulekile zenqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho wezwe kanye nebhizinisi.Eqinisweni, amazwe athuthukile eMpumalanga naseNtshonalanga asevele akufakile ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-alloy eyinsalela yemfucuza emkhiqizweni ojwayelekile.Njengamanje, ukugaywa kwabo kabusha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-carbide eyinsalela yesimende sekufinyelele ku-30-40% wesamba somkhiqizo wonyaka.Ukusetshenziswa konyaka kwe-tungsten yensimbi yaseChina cishe amathani ayi-10,000, uma ingafinyelela ku-40% wokugaywa kabusha, izinzuzo zayo zezomnotho kanye nomphumela wokugcwalisa izinsiza kuzoba mkhulu kakhulu.Thatha i-carbide enosimende njengesibonelo, inani eliphelele le-carbide enosimende e-China ngo-1994 lalingamathani angama-7540, ngokwezibalo zokubuyiselwa kuka-40%, ngeke nje sikwazi ukubuyisela amathani acishe abe ngu-3000 ensimbi ye-tungsten, kodwa futhi cishe amathani angama-240 ensimbi ye-cobalt. .Ngokwesibalo sokudla amathani ama-2 e-tungsten egxilile kuthani ngalinye le-carbide enosimende ekhiqizwayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-tungsten concentrate kungancishiswa cishe ngamathani ayi-6000.Lokhu ngokungangabazeki kuzodlala indima enkulu ekudambiseni ukushoda kwezinsiza.Isimo esiyisisekelo sokugaywa kabusha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-scrap carbide e-China njengamanjeIzinsalela ze-carbide ezisele esibhekisela kuzo lapha zihlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili: eyodwa yimikhiqizo engafanelekile ohlelweni lokukhiqiza;enye ingamathuluzi e-carbide asetshenzisiwe (izindwani, amakhanda okubopha, isikhunta, njll.).
Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, inani eliphelele lei-carbide eseleokukhiqizwa eChina cishe amathani angama-3500 ngonyaka.Ngokusho kwabakhiqizi be-carbide bangaphandle, phakathi kwamathuluzi e-carbide asetshenzisiwe, ngokuvamile, i-12-25% ye-scrap welding inserts ingaphinda isetshenziswe;I-65-70% ye-scrap carbide iyafa (ukushaya kuyafa, ukucindezela kuyafa, umdwebo uyafa, njll.) ingabuyekezwa;U-95-97% wokufakwa kwe-clamping komshini we-scrap ungaphinda usetshenziswe.
I-China yaqala ukuphinda isetshenziswe futhi isebenzise i-scrap carbide sekudlule isikhathi.Ngo-1983, umthamo wokugaywa kabusha wawungamathani angama-300 kuphela, okuhlanganisa u-8% womkhiqizo ngalowo nyaka;ngo-1985, lenyuka laya ngaphezu kwamathani angama-400, libalelwa ku-10% womkhiqizo ngalowo nyaka.ibalwa ku-10% womkhiqizo ngalowo nyaka.Eminyakeni yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, umsebenzi wokubuyisela kabusha waba nentuthuko enkulu.Manje kunabakhiqizi be-carbide kasimende abangaphezu kwe-150 ezweni, hhayi kuphela amafektri amancane naphakathi nendawo acishe abe ngu-60 anempahla eluhlaza ye-tungsten ngokuyisisekelo evela kuzinsizakusebenza kabusha, okungukuthi, ngesilinganiso se-Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Factory kanye neZigong Cemented Carbide Limited Liability Company. (eyayiyi-Zigong Cemented Carbide Factory) iphinde yavula ulayini wokukhiqiza we-carbide egaywe kabusha eyinsalela eyinsalela.Njengamanje, umthamo kazwelonke wokugaywa kabusha ungaphezulu kwamathani ayi-1500, okwenza cishe u-20% noma ngaphezulu wengqikithi yomkhiqizo we-carbide enosimende e-China futhi useduze nezinga lase-Japan.Ubuchwepheshe benqubo yokugaywa kabusha kwe-carbide eyinsalela eyinsalela sebuphelele,?s inqubo ye-zinc yokuncibilika kwendlela, indlela yokuncibilika kagesi kanye nendlela yokuchotshozwa ngomshini iphathwa kahle.I-tungsten carbide powder (WC) egaywe kabusha ye-tungsten carbide powder (WC) kanye ne-cobalt powder (Co), esezingeni elihle kakhulu, ingasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-carbide, idayimane lokwenziwa, izinto ezisetshenziswa yizimboni zensimbi neminye imikhiqizo.Kunezifunda ezimbalwa impela lapho umsebenzi wokugaywa kabusha nokuphinda usebenze kakhudlwana, phakathi kwazo yilezi: I-Zhuzhou ne-Changsha e-Hunan;iZigong eSichuan;Qinghe esiFundazweni saseHebei;Jinan esiFundazweni saseShandong;I-Mudanjiang esiFundazweni sase-Heilongjiang, njll. Abakhiqizi be-carbide esimende kulezi zindawo bathole impumelelo ekugayweni kabusha nasekusebenziseni i-carbide eyinsalela enosimende.
词典
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-02-2023
